Research progress in mechanism of necroptosis in acute pancreatitis / 中华危重病急救医学

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and potentially threatening disease of the pancreas, and some patients eventually develop to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Symptomatic support therapies such as rehydration therapy and anti-infection are still the main treatments. Lacking specific therapies is the main reason for the high mortality of AP patients, especially those with SAP. Premature trypsinogen activation is the most important pathologic cellular event in the pathogenesis of AP. The release of trypsin can cause self-digestion inside and outside of acinar cells, especially the release of cathepsin B can also cause a caspase-unrelated regulatory cell death (RCD) known as necroptosis, which is closely related to the development and prognosis of AP. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the mechanism of necroptosis in the occurrence and development of AP. This article reviews the mechanism of necroptosis and the research progress related to AP, in an attempt to provide a new understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of AP, and promote the better target drug development.

Analysis and insights from the survey on current clinical practice on violence risk assessment in top grade psychiatric hospitals in beijing-tianjin-hebei region / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of violence and aggression suffered by nurses in psychiatric hospitals in beijing-tianjin-hebei region and explore the development trend of violence assessment.Methods:A total of 539 psychiatric nurses from three top grade psychiatric hospitals (Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Hebei Province) in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were surveyed by a general data questionnaire, Workplace Violence Frequency Measurement Scale (WVS), Violence Cognition Qquestionnaire, Knowledge and Needs on Violence Risk Management Questionnaire.Results:A high level of workplace violence (6.21±2.94) was found with nurses in different wards ( χ2 value was 32.149, P<0.05), being in different wards (χ 2 value was 32.149, P<0.05), whether participating psychiatric training ( χ2 value was 11.588, P<0.05) and whether working on different schedule ( χ2 value was 21.017, P<0.05), suffered from distinct level of workplace violence. Participants believed that the change in the patients′ condition (68.6%, 370/539) and symptom fluctuation (65.9%, 355/539) were the main factor of violence from patients′ aspect. While a lack of assessment (57.9%, 312/539) and poor communication among nurses (56.8%, 306/539) was cited as the main causes of violence from nurse′s point. Conclusion:The management and control of patients′ violence should be improved through staff training program, introduction and employment of validated assessment tools, the construction of violent prevention and control system. Only through the joint efforts above could we reduce the occurrence of psychiatry violence injuries and ensure a safety practice environment for the maintenance and improvement of nurses′ health in mental health department.